DNS

DNS 1 FORMERR vs 18 BADTIME

Both DNS 1 (FORMERR) and 18 (BADTIME) belong to the DNS Response Codes (RCODEs) category. 1 indicates that format error. The name server was unable to interpret the query due to a malformed DNS message. Meanwhile, 18 means that signature out of time window. The TSIG signature timestamp is outside the allowed clock skew, indicating a time synchronization issue.

Mô tả

Format error. The name server was unable to interpret the query due to a malformed DNS message.

Khi bạn thấy mã này

Your DNS client or library sent a query the server could not parse, often caused by a buggy resolver, corrupted packet, or unsupported EDNS options.

Cách khắc phục

Check your DNS client or library version for known bugs. Capture the raw query with dig or Wireshark and verify it conforms to the DNS wire format.

Mô tả

Signature out of time window. The TSIG signature timestamp is outside the allowed clock skew, indicating a time synchronization issue.

Khi bạn thấy mã này

The clocks on the DNS client and server are too far apart (usually more than 5 minutes), causing TSIG signature validation to fail.

Cách khắc phục

Synchronize clocks on both machines using NTP. Check that the TSIG fudge value (allowed skew) is reasonable — the default 300 seconds is usually sufficient.

Sự khác biệt chính

1.

DNS 1: Format error. The name server was unable to interpret the query due to a malformed DNS message.

2.

DNS 18: Signature out of time window. The TSIG signature timestamp is outside the allowed clock skew, indicating a time synchronization issue.

3.

You encounter 1 when your DNS client or library sent a query the server could not parse, often caused by a buggy resolver, corrupted packet, or unsupported EDNS options.

4.

You encounter 18 when the clocks on the DNS client and server are too far apart (usually more than 5 minutes), causing TSIG signature validation to fail.

Khi nào dùng cái nào

For 1 (FORMERR): Check your DNS client or library version for known bugs. Capture the raw query with dig or Wireshark and verify it conforms to the DNS wire format. For 18 (BADTIME): Synchronize clocks on both machines using NTP. Check that the TSIG fudge value (allowed skew) is reasonable — the default 300 seconds is usually sufficient.

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