SMTP 450 Mailbox Unavailable vs 556 Domain Does Not Accept Mail
SMTP 450 (Mailbox Unavailable) is a 4xx Transient Negative response, while 556 (Domain Does Not Accept Mail) is a 5xx Permanent Negative response. 450 indicates that the requested mail action was not taken because the mailbox is temporarily unavailable. This could be due to the mailbox being locked by another process or a temporary policy restriction. In contrast, 556 means that the destination domain does not accept mail and no forwarding address is available. The domain's DNS configuration (null MX record) explicitly indicates it does not receive email.
Описание
The requested mail action was not taken because the mailbox is temporarily unavailable. This could be due to the mailbox being locked by another process or a temporary policy restriction.
Когда вы это видите
When the recipient's mailbox exists but is currently locked, busy, or subject to greylisting. The server is asking you to try again later.
Как исправить
Retry delivery after a few minutes. If using greylisting, the second attempt will typically succeed. For persistent failures, check if the recipient's mailbox is full or disabled.
Описание
The destination domain does not accept mail and no forwarding address is available. The domain's DNS configuration (null MX record) explicitly indicates it does not receive email.
Когда вы это видите
When sending to a domain that has published a null MX record (RFC 7505) in DNS, explicitly declaring that it does not accept any email messages.
Как исправить
Verify the domain's MX records — a null MX (priority 0, empty host) means the domain intentionally rejects all mail. Contact the recipient through an alternative channel.
Ключевые различия
450 is a 4xx Transient Negative response, while 556 is a 5xx Permanent Negative response.
SMTP 450: The requested mail action was not taken because the mailbox is temporarily unavailable. This could be due to the mailbox being locked by another process or a temporary policy restriction.
SMTP 556: The destination domain does not accept mail and no forwarding address is available. The domain's DNS configuration (null MX record) explicitly indicates it does not receive email.
You encounter 450 when when the recipient's mailbox exists but is currently locked, busy, or subject to greylisting. The server is asking you to try again later.
You encounter 556 when when sending to a domain that has published a null MX record (RFC 7505) in DNS, explicitly declaring that it does not accept any email messages.
Когда что использовать
For 450 (Mailbox Unavailable): Retry delivery after a few minutes. If using greylisting, the second attempt will typically succeed. For persistent failures, check if the recipient's mailbox is full or disabled. For 556 (Domain Does Not Accept Mail): Verify the domain's MX records — a null MX (priority 0, empty host) means the domain intentionally rejects all mail. Contact the recipient through an alternative channel.